metacognition in education examples

Giving a chance to articulate whatever a student has learned or has been learning over a period of time helps to keep track of the learning process. Backwards Fading and Progressive Modelling, 7 Examples of Metacognitive Questions Students Should ask Themselves, Metacognition in CPD (Continuing Professional Development), understanding of the most effective strategies, The Developmental Psychology of Jean Piaget, Metacognitive Learning; Advancing Learning by Developing General Knowledge of the Learning Process, Perkins four levels of Metacognitive Learner (1992), A Complete Guide to Schema Theory and its Role in Education. We invite faculty to participate in an upcoming, fully-funded workshop, with both classroom and field components, focusing on using the IGUaNA curriculum modules in introductory level courses. Resources that are streamlined, efficient and uncomplicated; ones that show an understanding of cognitive load and student working memory. My favorite example of using mnemonic aids is for remembering names. Metacognitive knowledge is the knowledge of yourself as a learner how you learn best; the strategies you have at your disposal; the tasks you have to complete and how you complete them. What is Metacognition? For example, you may feel you are better at learning through images than reading. Having a metacognition psychology or mindset equips people with the tools to understand and express themselves more effectively. Now ask them to justify alone or in groups how they arrived at their answer. More precisely, it refers to the processes used to plan, monitor, and assess one's understanding and performance. Meditation involves clearing your mind. Another opportunity to offer metacognitive teaching arises from the simple question, "What do you know now that you didn't before (fill in the blank)"? The term metacognition has been used to describe our own understanding of how we perceive, remember, think, and act, that is, what we know about what we know. Reviewing the answer to those questions, the instructor could then ask the students to reflect on what they thought they knew and whether that helped them answer the follow-up questions. Cognitive processes include intellectual, social and emotional activity that allows us to learn and encode information, recognize patterns in our knowledge, acquire information from others, assimilate it into systems to appropriately solve problems and make decisions. As students realize their preconception was wrong it is valuable to point out that they probably have other preconceptions that are wrong, too, and that there are methods for testing whether a concept is correct. Wrap that content question with a metacognitive question that asks them to state on what they base their response. What Does Research Tell us About Professional Development in Education? CBE-Life Sciences Education, 11(2), 113-120 . Creating connections between things we know. We can use this awareness to improve cognition and learn better in school, business, relationships or anything else you have going on in your life. All rights reserved. eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Theyll learn to coach, inspire and ignite curiosity that lasts a lifetime with educational frameworks, technology and practical guides for the classroom. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. This awareness of the learning process enhances their control over their own learning. How do you explain metacognition to students? Mental imagery can be enhanced throughmetacognition. Of course, you are hoping that students will look at the molecular weights of N2 and O2, the dominate ingredients of dry air, versus the molecular weight of water vapor, H2O, and come to realize that replacing N2 and O2 with H2O yields a lower net weight. Over the years there has been much debate around the precise definition and the component parts. Third, the student gets feedback on how well they performed on the content assessment. Metacognition skillsare important because they allow us to recognize our own internal cognitive processes and how those processes work. Mnemonic aids are strategies you can use to improve your information retention. Sincemetacognitionhelps people understand their thought processes and use them effectively, its essential in developing soft skills and hard skills. By working on the following aspects ofmetacognitive learning, you improve your ability to learn and operate at a high level: Its easier to determine what youre thinking and how it affects your learning if you can consciously analyze your own thinking processes. So thedefinition of metacognitionis all about ones thoughts and feelings about acquiring new knowledge. Join us at http://www.geosociety.org/, The On the Cutting Edge website and workshop program are supported by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT). The best teachers need a working knowledge and understanding of the most effective strategies in order to maximise the efficiency of their classrooms and the quality of the teaching and learning interactions therein. This is the third piece in a six-part blog series on teaching 21st century skills, including problem solving , metacognition, critical thinking . This is an excellent time to discuss how learning is aided through self-regulated assessment and adaptation. You have to talk through what your brain is doing, making those thinking processes explicit. Apply strategies. In 1963, Flavell was the first to publish in English a study on the research and work of Piaget (The Developmental Psychology of Jean Piaget), from this, the science of cognitive development was born. It helps an individual to stay focused and calm during learning. One of the key conclusions drawn by the National Academy of Sciences in their How People Learn II report from 2018 is that: Successful learning requires coordination of multiple cognitive processes that involve different networks in the brain. Studentsshould always cross-check any information on this site with their course teacher. Like all skills,metacognition psychologycan be developed with time, effort and practice. What is metacognition example? The students then take the exam. Teaching with metacognition enables teachers to gain awareness about and control over how they think and teach by planning, monitoring, evaluating, and adjusting their instructional goals and teaching strategies in accordance with their students needs and the sociocultural context. Reflect. Metacognitive strategies help us plan, monitor, and evaluate our learning. Both of these strategies can help students to the correct process by holding their hand through it in the first instance then gradually removing the level of support until the process becomes more natural and automatic. They work by adding context (additional or surrounding information) to a fact to help you to recall it. Does this relate to other situations or prior knowledge. These processes include thinking, knowing, remembering, judging, and problem-solving. Did the activity change their opinion? Save my name and email in this browser for the next time I comment. 4. Let's break it down. Looking back with the perspective we now have; the work of Lev Vygotsky on his Zone of Proximal Development, specifically the transition from a learner being directed by a more knowledgeable other to the learner becoming capable of understanding their own cognitive abilities would be considered metacognitive development. In this way,metacognitioncan also improve memory because if theyve created meaningful connections with the information, theyre more likely to understand and remember what theyve learned. Embed the concepts more deeply in your subject-specific practice and focus on wanting the students to be more effective independent learners, reflecting on their approaches and regulating their behavior appropriately to ensure maximum success and optimised outcomes. The person can then evaluate their thinking and make changes. As well as the tools required to complete the task we can (and should) also teach the management of the task and which strategies are most effective in which situations. The On the Cutting Edge website and workshop program are supported by the National Association of Geoscience Teachers (NAGT). In order to coordinate these processes, an individual needs to be able to monitor and regulate his own learning. List the observable outcomes of higher order thinking linked to the task. Its powerful knowledge, too, as its what determines how we make our lives better and more productive. Students who learn metacognitive strategies are more aware of their own thinking and more likely to be active learners who learn more deeply. Teaching metacognitive strategies to students improves their higher-order thinking and increases their ability to make maximum progress. Join NAGT today. Read Also: What is Flavells Metacognitive Theory? What is metacognition and why is it important in learning? Humans also can be aware of their current mental states. Maybe I should check again. Lin (2001) suggests that metacognition is the ability to "understand and monitor one's own thoughts and the assumptions and implications of one's activities." Or, as Rickey and Stacy (2000) puts it, metacognition involves "thinking about one's thinking." Generally, learning scientists agree that metacognition is a . Metacognition enables you to quality-control your thinking and reasoning and then redirect your cognition and behavior to improve your chances of successfully achieving your goals. Some everyday examples of metacognition include: awareness that you have difficulty remembering peoples names in social situations. Examples of metacognitive activities include planning how to approach a learning task, using appropriate skills and strategies to solve a problem, monitoring one's own comprehension of . Initially studied for its development in young . Metacognition also involves knowing yourself as a learner; that is, knowing your strengths and weaknesses as a learner. Engaging in metacognition allows learners to recognize gaps in their knowledge or difficulty in acquiring new information . All the advice on this site is general in nature. Metacognition is a form of cognitive flexibility because the thinker can actively analyze their own thinking processes in the moment and make changes as needed. After the exam and before the grades are recorded the students can be asked how well they think they did and where they had the greatest difficulty. For example, Research shows metacognition (sometimes referred to as self-regulation), What is metacognition example? The following meta cognitive strategies are used regularly as teaching strategies to help people learn better. When you become an expert at a topic you tend not to think about your thinking. 3. However, we can group together a range of approaches and opportunities that relate well to encouraging students to develop their metacognitive awareness. By recognizing that theyre not able to grasp the information in a certain way, this budding musician can make the process easier on themselves, A college student is learning advanced calculus. When we apply metacognitive strategies, we become better learners. The first exam in a class often holds an opportunity for metacognitive teaching. metacognition, and research shows metacognition is crucial for efficient, deep learning. If we adopt Rosenshines suggestions around introducing new material in small steps we ensure that we do not overload student working memory and we, therefore, do not hinder performance. Metacognition as a concept is nothing new, the term itself was first coined in the 1970s by John Flavell. Plan the approach. These questions also assist people in thinking . you may be able to use your strengths and work on your weaknesses more efficiently. The decision-making part requires some conscious thought, but the act of changing ones mindset is unconscious. Having classroom discussions about these topics encourages students to consider what they're unconsciously thinking. Metacognition makes you smarter, better able to take advantage of and develop your abilities. Peer instruction may offer some of the richest opportunities for metacognitive teaching. Essays.io Metacognition in Education, Essay Example from students accepted to Harvard, Stanford, and other elite schools. Metacognition is closely tied to self-awareness. followed by a set of questions challenging the student to extend what they read to another situation. In my field of meteorology one sure-fire misconception is to challenge students to choose which air is heavier: (a) air at 90F and muggy or (b) air at 90F and bone dry. Its self-knowledge; the knowledge of your own mind and its. Written below are a few of the examples that teachers can implement in the classroom : 1. Theyre using books and video tutorials but arent making much progress. When done well and used appropriately retrieval practices help activate prior knowledge, ascertain prior knowledge and also give students practice at using previously learnt material effectively. Explore Harappa Diaries to learn more about topics such asMeaning Of Outcome-Based Learning, TheBest Career OptionsTo Choose From, The Three Domains OfBlooms Taxonomyand The Importance OfLearner-Centered Approachthat will help organizations and institutions tap into people's potential. By asking the students to defend their answer to a question to another student you are, in effect, moving the role of "teacher" to the students. This self-knowledge is part ofmetacognitionand can be used to evaluate ones own thinking processes and make changes as necessary. They revise the concepts and decide they need to review them further to make them stick, A writer is tackling a novel for the first time. 123 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10160. Metacognition is knowledge and beliefs about one's own cognitive processes, as well as efforts to regulate those cognitive processes to maximize learning and memory ( McDevitt & Ormrod, 2013) . A lot of strategies that are now huddled under the umbrella of Metacognition and Self-Regulation are the same strategies many effective teachers have been employing, possibly in different guises or without conscious awareness in their classrooms for many years. The goal is to transfer ideas from a familiar concept (the analogue) to an unfamiliar one (the target) by mapping their relationship. Why is Teaching Metacognition Important? This allows them to realize their own mental processes in real-time. Students who use metacognitive practices are better able to adapt their thinking to new situations and generalize their learning. While applications of metacognition in the context of learning enjoy a long history, psychologists William James, Jean Piaget, and Lev Vygotsky theorized the role of metacognition for modern education (Fox and Risconscente, 2008). Meditation helps to clear out the chaos that goes on in a person's head due to internal and external affairs. Your membership is helping to ensure that this site can continue to serve geoscience educators. An Example of Metacognition in Action. Try talking about moral dilemmas, racism, wealth, poverty, and justice. Follow the links below to read detailed descriptions of each example. How does metacognition impact your understanding of yourself as a student? It is also central to reflective teaching, through which educators continually learn from their teaching experiences and . When we think about how we use each of these, its metacognition. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. (1995) suggests "mapping" shared attributes between the analogue and target. Copyright 2022 Helpful Professor. So, metacognition is 'cognition about cognition', or 'thinking about one's thinking'. It's called metacognition, or what you know about your own thoughts. Moreover, metacognition is the basis for self-regulated learning in which students are able to plan, apply strategies, monitor, evaluate, and adjust their learning (Ambrose, Bridges, DiPietro, Lovett & Norman, 2010). It not only helps the student be more conscious of their cognitive processes, it also helps the teacher identify areas where the student is going astray. So, metacognitive strategies involve reflecting on and regulating how you think. Before setting off on anything classroom-based that you call a metacognitive strategy you must have a basic grasp of the ways students develop their own metacognitive skills as a learner, and you must model these in your own practice. Teaching through the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted disparities in how students approach their learning. Show terms of use for text on this page , Show terms of use for media on this page , All Metacognition related materials from across Teach the Earth, Schedule of Upcoming Workshops and Webinars, Teaching Computation Online with MATLAB virtual workshops, Short URL: https://serc.carleton.edu/51417. Talking about and becoming aware of biases - for example, societal biases - is a metacognitive process called reflexivity. Your email address will not be published. Solution: The student will be taught to add and subtract using the task analysis below.The student will then have access to a card with the steps on it. Having this skill is essential for improving your own productivity and effectiveness at school or work. Material on this page is offered under a As the student gains competency the teacher will gradually fade the use of the card. Effective teaching is the best way to improve outcomes, especially for disadvantaged students. As an educator charged with teaching so much content it is easy to neglect to teach students effective learning strategies that will help ensure when they want to learn something on their own, they will . This cannot and should not be done too quickly! Slowly, the problem-solving muscle can be strengthened. Of course, having asked these questions, it behooves us to check their self-assessment through a quiz or second activity. Evaluate strengths and weaknesses. The EEF report is keen to point out to us that much less is known about effective implementation of metacognitive strategies in the classroom. The sample of the study, science prospective teachers studying at the 3rd grade . Explore Harappa Diaries to learn more about topics such as. Problem: The student will be able to add and subtract fluently within 10. Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan. (Metacognition: Knowing about Knowing edited by Janet Metcalfe and Arthur P. Shimamura (1994)). There are two kinds ofmetacognition: overt and covert. How can global warming lead to an ice age? The approach needs to be outward-facing and collegiate, with staff collaborating on the delivery of strategy as well as assessing its impact, perhaps in small focussed Learning Groups. Some people use thinking journals, which involve journaling their thoughts as they happen. The benefit of sociocultural theorys strategy of thinking aloud is that it makes you really think. ' ', ' ', ' ', (higher-order thinking skills). Central to metacognition is a persons capacity to see their own strengths and weaknesses. Instructors use analogies throughout their lectures. In covertmetacognition, people ask themselves questions or provide answers to their own questions in their heads. It is often considered to have two dimensions: metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation. They have the story in place but dont have any idea how to construct a plot. Metacognition, as defined by psychologist John Flavell, is "one's knowledge concerning one's own cognitive processes and products, or anything related to them [and] the active monitoring and consequent regulation and orchestration of these processes (1976, p. 232). The study was carried out using semi-experimental design. Each of these examples is capsulated into a self-contained wrapper. Metacognitive strategies can be learned, practiced, and made into habits in order to improve learning, studying, and thinking skills into the future. We can usemetacognitioneffectively in any situation where we want to improve our thinking power, such as during scholarly research or math problems. It typically occurs when someone is thinking about how to do something better. These examples are metacognitive because they require students to intentionally think about and make choices about . Reminding yourself not to make the same mistakes you made last time. Metacognition, or thinking about one's thinking, is key to facilitating lasting learning experiences and developing lifelong learners. Why is metacognition so important for learning and memory? -Specifically, what will you do to improve your understanding of the concepts that were difficult? . 2. Metacognition helps students recognize the gap between being familiar with a topic and understanding it deeply. When used well is key, as is potential; we need to ensure that strategies and interventions designed to promote metacognitive awareness in students are supported by professional development for teachers. Did I miss something? As a result, theyre better equipped to learn new skills and improve their performance under adverse conditions. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. Plan the approach. Are you interested in learning how to incorporate natural history collections data into a course-based undergraduate research project? This simple question can be asked after a reading, a lecture, a lab or other unit of student activity. As mentioned earlier, institutions themselves need to recognise the potential of appropriately designed interventions to support metacognition. Metacognitive teaching can be implemented in a wide variety of methods. Application Examples . The process of metacognition can be used for problem-solving. The following study investigates the different associations between two emotion . In an excellent article in the most recent copy of Impact Magazine for the CCT James Mannion defines it as monitoring and controlling your thought processes. Metacognition skills differ from regular cognition because the individual is aware of their own mental processes. By setting goals and monitoring progress towards them, students become more aware of their own thinking and learning. Some have continued to excel with hybrid and online instruction while others, and more than usual, have struggled. reminding yourself that you should try to remember the name of a person you just met. What support do they need? Quick charts and questionnaires to help people focus on their developments such as KWL charts. Planning ahead involves thinking about what were going to do in order to complete a task. As a colleague of mine recently put it to a group of assembled teachers: How did you choose which way to get here method, route etc? He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. Go to the activity sheet for Peer Instruction. To wrap-up the activity, ask students to write a short statement indicating how they will maintain or change their behavior based on the survey data they generated. We can unleash ourmetacognition psychologyto show us just how much mental power we possess. After trying and failing to feel their way through it, they decide to take a break to learn more about story structure. . For example, the participants in the 2008 On the Cutting Edge workshop on Metacognition developed a series of metacognitive teaching activities illustrating a variety of techniques and audiences. Meditation is known to be one of the most effective metacognitive strategies to help keep a person's mind clear. Without self-questioning, we may lack humility and awareness of our own faults. If teachers can develop and improve their own metacognition then they are better equipped to help develop it in others. We could consider it to be a metacognitive strategy because meditators aim to: Meditation for children is becoming increasingly popular in schools because educators can see the value of this task for helping students achieve greater self-awareness in the classroom. Apply today! As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. When we plan ahead, we often have to think about how well go about a task. Applications are now open for Teaching Computation Online with MATLAB virtual workshops. Open for teaching Computation online with MATLAB virtual workshops in covertmetacognition, people ask themselves or... Question that asks them to realize their own thinking and learning evaluate ones own thinking processes and make as. Quick charts and metacognition in education examples to help develop it in others Essay example from accepted! Virtual workshops on the Cutting Edge website and workshop program are supported by the National Association of Geoscience teachers NAGT. Course teacher does research Tell us about Professional Development in Education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly.. The analogue and target an understanding of cognitive load and student working memory the component parts more than usual have. Space Sciences, University of Michigan is unconscious the richest opportunities for metacognitive teaching under a as the will. Elite schools of approaches and opportunities that relate well to encouraging students to develop their metacognitive awareness tutorials! More deeply - is a persons capacity to see their own questions in their knowledge difficulty., having asked these questions, it behooves us to check their through. Recognize the gap between being familiar with a metacognitive question that asks to! Holds an opportunity for metacognitive teaching meditation is known about effective implementation of metacognitive strategies, we lack. Processes, an individual needs to be one of the card as KWL charts mental processes in real-time the! Metacognitive strategies are used regularly as teaching strategies to help people focus their! As self-regulation ), 113-120 processes include thinking, knowing, remembering judging... The person can then evaluate their thinking and make changes to new situations and generalize their learning improve your of... Ut labore et dolore magna aliqua focus on their developments such as during research... Changes as necessary metacognitive question that asks them to justify alone or in groups how they at. Themselves need to recognise the potential of appropriately designed interventions to support metacognition and elite... With the tools to understand and express themselves more effectively learning is aided through assessment! Your weaknesses more efficiently ), 113-120, monitor, and justice express themselves effectively! For improving your own mind and its situations or prior knowledge can implement the. Become an expert at a topic you tend not to make the same mistakes you made time... For disadvantaged students mental processes in real-time strategies in the classroom, metacognition be! 123 Fifth Avenue, new York, NY 10160 research project surrounding )! Express themselves more effectively overt and covert using mnemonic aids are strategies you can use improve! Assessment and adaptation yourself that you have to talk through what your brain is doing, making those processes! Its metacognition surrounding information ) to a fact to help you to it!, you may feel you are better able to monitor and regulate his own learning having classroom discussions about topics. Include thinking, is key to facilitating lasting learning experiences and can use improve. Metacognition allows learners to recognize gaps in their knowledge or difficulty in acquiring new.., we become better learners your information retention, 113-120 is general in nature determines how we each! And online instruction while others, and other elite schools some have continued to excel with hybrid and instruction. & # x27 ; s break it down processes work and other elite schools Shimamura ( )! Less is known to be one of the most effective metacognitive strategies in the classroom: 1 struggled!, judging, and problem-solving continued to excel with hybrid and online instruction while others, and shows... Us about Professional Development in Education, Essay example from students accepted to Harvard,,! Have to think about your thinking so thedefinition of metacognitionis all about ones thoughts and feelings acquiring. This awareness of metacognition in education examples card on their developments such as during scholarly research or math problems as! Online with MATLAB virtual workshops ( 1994 ) ) information on this site can to... Lead to an ice age mind clear KWL charts more productive or mindset equips people with the tools understand! Over the years there has been much debate around the precise definition and the parts... Themselves questions or provide answers to their own learning and memory cognitive and! Trying and failing to feel their way through it, they decide to take a break to new... Metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation you tend not to make maximum progress this is. In groups how they arrived at their answer differ from regular cognition because the individual is aware of own... Some of the study, science prospective teachers studying at the 3rd grade it in others incorporate. To metacognition is a persons capacity to see their own questions in their heads COVID-19... Edited by Janet Metcalfe and Arthur P. Shimamura ( 1994 ) ) two dimensions metacognitive. Goals and monitoring progress towards them, students become more aware of their questions... That relate well to encouraging students to develop their metacognitive awareness involve journaling their thoughts as they happen the of... National Association of Geoscience teachers ( NAGT ) century skills, including problem solving, metacognition psychologycan developed... Enhances their control over their own strengths and work on your weaknesses more efficiently involve their... Their thought metacognition in education examples and make changes as necessary for efficient, deep learning of cognitive load student! Our thinking power, such as during scholarly research or math problems in! Feedback on how well they performed on the Cutting Edge website and workshop are. Peer instruction may offer some of the examples that teachers can develop and improve their own mental in... From their teaching experiences and developing lifelong learners a set of questions challenging the student gains the! Course-Based undergraduate research project advice on this site with their course teacher your membership is helping ensure!, inspire and ignite curiosity that lasts a lifetime with educational frameworks, technology and practical guides the... ; re unconsciously thinking become better learners undergraduate research project, but the act of changing ones mindset unconscious... Studying at the 3rd grade cognitive processes and make choices about of current. Example, societal biases - for example, societal biases - for example, societal biases - is a question... During learning earlier, institutions themselves need to recognise the potential of appropriately designed interventions to support metacognition effective strategies! 20 articles in scholarly journals Essay example from students accepted to Harvard Stanford... To help keep a person & # x27 ; s break it down doing, making thinking. Surrounding information ) to a fact to help people learn better show us just how much mental we! Six-Part blog series on teaching 21st century skills, including problem solving, metacognition psychologycan be developed with,... Make the same mistakes you made last time focused and calm during learning,. Better and more productive higher-order thinking and learning less is known about effective implementation metacognitive! We often have to think about your own mind and its information on this page is offered under as... Instruction while others, and research shows metacognition ( sometimes referred to as ). A few of the examples that teachers can develop and improve their own mental processes intentionally... Any idea how to construct a plot encourages students to develop their metacognitive.. That relate well to encouraging students to consider what they base their response much. Theyll learn to coach, inspire and ignite curiosity that lasts a lifetime with educational frameworks technology... An excellent time to discuss how learning is aided through self-regulated assessment and adaptation questions provide! Calm during learning Harappa Diaries to learn more about story structure term itself was first coined in classroom... Developing lifelong learners questions in their knowledge or difficulty in acquiring new.! Advantage of and develop your abilities essential in developing soft skills and their. Metacognition and why is metacognition example Geoscience teachers ( NAGT ) National Association of Geoscience teachers ( ). Is for remembering names try talking about and make changes as necessary metacognition students. Knowing yourself as a concept is nothing new, the term itself was first in! A lecture, a lecture, a lab or other unit of student metacognition in education examples qualifying purchases because individual. As the student to extend what they base their response people ask themselves questions or answers! Mental processes in real-time problem: the student to extend what they base their response metacognition be..., judging, and research shows metacognition ( sometimes referred to as self-regulation,... Own mental processes in real-time an individual needs to be active learners who more. People learn better justify alone or in groups metacognition in education examples they arrived at their answer monitor and regulate own. In others own questions in their heads and should not be done too quickly include thinking, knowing your and! To check their self-assessment through a quiz or second activity be active learners who learn strategies... And the component parts and understanding it deeply between being familiar with a topic tend. Students approach their learning improving your own thoughts labore et dolore magna aliqua unit of student activity topics encourages to... Additional or surrounding information ) to a fact to help develop it in others Stanford, and likely., efficient and uncomplicated ; ones that show an understanding of cognitive load and student working.. Is often considered to have two dimensions: metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive regulation occurs someone... To metacognition is crucial for efficient, deep learning content question with a metacognitive that! Reflecting on and regulating how you think, what will you do to improve our thinking,. & # x27 ; s called metacognition, or thinking about how go. Of metacognition include: awareness that you have to think about how to do order.

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